Impamvu nyinshi zingenzi zo gushungura irangi (一)

1.Ibibyimba: ibintu byinshi bibaho hejuru yibice byacumuye kubera gusohora gazi gazi.Nanone bita blister, ni inenge yo gutwikira.Bitewe n'ubushobozi buke bwo guhangana n’amazi ya firime yerekana amarangi ashingiye ku musemburo, mugihe cyo gusaza hanze, bitewe n’imvura cyangwa ibidukikije bitose, hari amazi yinjira munsi ya firime, hanyuma nyuma yo guhumeka, ntibishoboka kandi firime yoroshye amazi yatwikiriye, irabyimba.Ubuso bwubuso buri hejuru, ubuhehere bwibidukikije buri hejuru, ubushyuhe buri hejuru cyane, putty ifunze nabi, kandi intera iri hagati yabyo ntabwo ihagije.

2.Pinhole: Iyo firime yo gutwika imaze gukama, hejuru yayunguruzo yo gusiga irangi hazaba pinhole, imeze nkurwobo.Iyi nenge yitwa pinhole.Mugihe cyo kubaka spray, ibishishwa hamwe numwuka bizahinduka vuba kandi bigahunga firime itose, izaba ikora umwobo muto.Muri iki gihe, firime itose ntabwo ifite amazi ahagije, idashobora kuringaniza umwobo muto, hasigara umwobo umeze nkurushinge.Iyo hari ibimenyetso by'amazi mu irangi cyangwa ibishishwa, ibinure birashoboka cyane.Amazi agomba gutoranywa cyane kugirango abuze amazi nizindi zuba zivanze, kandi ubwiza bwubwubatsi bugenzurwa icyarimwe kugirango bigabanye cyangwa birinde kugaragara kwa pinhole.Ariko niba arikibazo cya pinhole yamabara ashingiye kumazi, bizaba ikibazo cya formula.
Dilient yongewemo bike cyane, ubwiza bwiyungurura irangi ni nini cyane, igifuniko ni kinini cyane, intera iri hagati yabyo ntabwo ihagije, igihe gihamye nyuma yo gusiga irangi ntigihagije, kandi diluent ihindagurika buhoro buhoro.

3.Pelleting: ibidukikije byubaka byo gutera akayunguruzo ntigisukuye, igihangano kirimo amavuta, amazi n ivumbi, umwanda uvanze mugifuniko ntuyungururwa, ibikoresho byo gushushanya nibikoresho ntibisukuye, irangi ntabwo rivanze neza, no kuyungurura igihe nigihe cyo guhagarara ntabwo bihagije.

4.Umwobo wo kumena: ecran ya filter ya ecran nayo yitwa urwobo.Yerekeza ku nenge y'ibyobo bito bizengurutse kuri firime.Nyuma yo gutwikirwa, firime itose iragabanuka mugihe cyo kuringaniza, hasigara umubare wibyobo bigabanuka bifite ubunini butandukanye no kugabura nyuma yo gukama.Ibi biterwa no gutandukanya ubushyuhe bwubuso hagati yibice byo hejuru no hepfo ya firime itose hamwe no kuringaniza nabi.Irashobora gukemurwa hiyongereyeho ibikoresho bifasha kuringaniza cyangwa ubushyuhe buke bwo hejuru.
Igice cyo hasi kiranduye, igihangano kirimo amavuta, amazi n ivumbi, nibindi. Igice cyo hasi kiroroshye cyane, gusya ntabwo bihagije, ubushyuhe bwubwubatsi buri hasi cyane cyangwa ubuhehere buri hejuru.

5.Undbite: Iyo utera akayunguruzo ka ecran hamwe na kote ya kabiri y'irangi, irangi rishya ryakoreshejwe kuruma firime yumye mbere ya substrate.Mugihe ibi bibaye, igifuniko kizaguka, gihindurwe, kigabanuke, inkinko, ibibyimba, cyangwa gutakaza gufatira hamwe kugwa.Ikoti ya primer na finale ntabwo ihuye;Solvent solubility yo kurangiza irangi irakomeye cyane;Niba primer itumye rwose, bizatera "undercut".
Irangi rya primer no kurangiza ntabwo rihuye, intera iri hagati yabyo ntabwo ihagije, igice cyo hasi ntabwo cyumye, diluent irakomeye cyane, kandi igifuniko ni kinini cyane icyarimwe.